Such conditions occur during winter, when the outside temperature is very low and solar radiation is high (e.g., in the uppermost parts of mountainous areas).
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The nominal power of the PV module is achieved in standard test conditions (STC) by laboratory testing, in which the most important parameters are:ĭuring the operation of the PV installation in real conditions, it is extremely difficult to achieve low temperature (as in STC conditions), especially when the device generates electricity under the full intensity of solar radiation. It is important to bear in mind the discrepancy between the power obtained when a panel works in real conditions and its nominal power, given in kWp, which is a standardized parameter for all solar modules. The aim was also to test and select the most efficient form PV cooling method, i.e., the one which allows the greatest power production density to be attained. This is why the purpose of our research and analyses was to determine if cooling PV modules can improve their work parameters and maximize the energy yields achieved during the operation of PV panels under central European weather conditions. However it is also important to see whether the effect of PV cooling is also discernible in colder conditions. The results of the work may be of particular interest for small installations, especially because it cleans the modules while providing an increase in power.Ī sizable amount of analyzed research has been devoted to PV cooling technologies in hot climatic conditions under high irradiance and ambient temperature. Cooling the module, therefore, resulted in a power increase of 20.2 W/m 2. During the test, the non-cooled module attained a maximum power of 105.3 W/m 2, compared to 125.5 W/m 2 for its cooled counterpart. The best results were achieved by cooling modules with a water film, since there were no water splashes, and the continuous cooling of the surface leads to a 20% increase in power. The temperature of the cooled modules dropped to almost 25 ☌, whilst the temperature of the non-cooled module was 45 ☌. The power of the cooled and non-cooled devices were then compared. A temperature decrease was obtained for the PV module by pouring cool tap water onto the upper surface of the modules, either in imitation of rain or as a water film. The aim of the experiment was to improve the working conditions of solar modules.
The article presents the results of research on the efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) modules cooled with water.
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